The UK government has dealt a blow to human rights groups with the passing of its 'Safety of Rwanda' bill, but legal challenges still loom over the controversial policy to deport asylum seekers to the East African nation.
On Tuesday, parliament voted through legislation that designates Rwanda as a "safe" destination for asylum processing, allowing the deportation of anyone who enters Britain illegally to go ahead. The bill aims to override a previous Supreme Court ruling that found the policy unlawful.
Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has vowed the first deportation flights will take off within months, promising removals "come what may" over the summer. However, questions remain over whether the plan will achieve its stated goals or withstand intense legal scrutiny.
Months of delays
The Rwanda plan has faced a rocky road since it was first announced in April. The initial flight in June was grounded after an injunction from the European Court of Human Rights.
Last year, the UK's highest court ruled there was a "real risk" refugees could face ill-treatment in Rwanda, citing the East African nation's poor human rights record and flawed asylum system.
The new bill seeks to bypass this hurdle by legally designating Rwanda as safe. But human rights groups warn little has actually changed regarding protections for deportees and say ongoing monitoring will be needed.
Costly tactic of questionable impact
While the government portrays the scheme as a solution to dangerous English Channel crossings, analysts question its effectiveness and costs.
Processing the first 300 migrants is estimated at £540 million, with overall annual spending on the asylum system exceeding £3 billion. Charities argue deporting several thousand people will not significantly reduce the huge backlog.
Critics also point to the policy diverting resources from faster processing that could create a fairer system and drive fewer people to make risky journeys.
More legal showdowns ahead?
Sunak claims "no foreign court" will block flights from taking off. But injunctions from the European Court are still possible, as are challenges in domestic courts.
Unions also threaten legal action if the government directs workers to ignore human rights rulings. And analysts note the precedent of allowing parliament to effectively "switch off" human rights laws could undermine the UK's standing.
With polls showing fading public support for the Conservatives, the opposition Labour party has vowed to scrap the "unethical and unworkable" scheme if elected. This means the battle over Britain's asylum system is set to rage on.
In the meantime, refugees will continue risking the perilous Channel crossing with no safe alternatives provided. As ever more taxpayers' money is spent on a policy offering few solutions, the UK could find its stance increasingly isolated on the international stage.
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