For too long, Western foreign policy has mistakenly treated Tehran's aggressive posture as a localized Middle Eastern conflict. However, the escalating reach of Iranian espionage in Europe demonstrates that Iran’s hybrid warfare strategy directly targets Western domestic security, institutional integrity, and economic stability . From state-sponsored cyber operations targeting dissidents to covert intelligence gathering across European capitals, Tehran’s operations extend far beyond its immediate geographic neighborhood. Addressing this challenge requires European policymakers to abandon passive containment in favor of aggressive diplomatic oversight, strict legal accountability, and robust counter-intelligence strategies. Why is Iranian espionage in Europe expanding beyond the Middle East? Iran's external intelligence operations have shifted strategically from regional proxy warfare to asymmetric statecraft inside Western democracies. Western intelligence agencies-including Ge...
While the headlines focus on the optics of handshakes in Tehran, a more profound shift is occurring in the mechanics of global power. The Pakistan military diplomatic influence in the current US-Iran war has exposed a harsh reality: in times of existential crisis, the White House has abandoned the civilian-first doctrine in favor of Rawalpindi’s directness. From my perspective, this isn't just about a ceasefire; it’s a masterclass in how a military institution can bypass traditional governance to become a global power broker. Why did the US choose Rawalpindi as the primary peace hub? For decades, Washington paid lip service to strengthening Pakistan's democratic institutions. Yet, as the war with Iran escalated, the Biden-era protocols were swapped for Trump’s preference for one-call solutions. Field Marshal Asim Munir provides something a Prime Minister cannot: institutional continuity. When Munir speaks, he isn't just representing a political party; he is representing a ...